Control the Size#
Welcome to our tutorial on controlling the size of components in Panel! In this guide, we’ll explore how sizing works, including inherent sizing, fixed sizing, and responsive sizing. We’ll also delve into fully responsive layouts using the powerful FlexBox layout.
Explore Sizing Modes#
Panel provides various options to control the size of components:
sizing_mode: Allows toggling between fixed sizing and responsive sizing along vertical and/or horizontal dimensions.width/height: Allows setting a fixed width or height.min_width/min_height: Allows setting a minimum width or height if responsive sizing is set along the corresponding dimension.max_width/max_height: Allows setting a maximum width or height if responsive sizing is set along the corresponding dimension.
Note
Throughout this tutorial, you can execute the provided code directly in the Panel documentation using the green run button, in a notebook cell, or within a file named app.py served with panel serve app.py --dev.
Inherent and Absolute Sizing#
Many components have inherent sizes. For instance, text will take up space based on its font size and content. Let’s see how different sizing parameters affect the display:
import panel as pn
pn.extension()
text = """A wind turbine is a renewable energy device that converts the kinetic energy from wind into electricity. It typically consists of a tall tower with large blades attached to a rotor. As the wind blows, it causes the rotor to spin, which in turn rotates a generator to produce electricity. Wind turbines are designed to harness the natural power of the wind and are used to generate clean, sustainable energy. They come in various sizes, from small residential turbines to massive commercial installations, and play a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and meeting renewable energy goals."""
pn.panel(text).servable()
By restricting the width, we can force the text to wrap:
import panel as pn
pn.extension()
text = """A wind turbine is a renewable energy device that converts the kinetic energy from wind into electricity. It typically consists of a tall tower with large blades attached to a rotor. As the wind blows, it causes the rotor to spin, which in turn rotates a generator to produce electricity. Wind turbines are designed to harness the natural power of the wind and are used to generate clean, sustainable energy. They come in various sizes, from small residential turbines to massive commercial installations, and play a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and meeting renewable energy goals."""
pn.panel(text, width=300).servable()
Explicitly setting both width and height will force the display to scroll:
import panel as pn
pn.extension()
text = """A wind turbine is a renewable energy device that converts the kinetic energy from wind into electricity. It typically consists of a tall tower with large blades attached to a rotor. As the wind blows, it causes the rotor to spin, which in turn rotates a generator to produce electricity. Wind turbines are designed to harness the natural power of the wind and are used to generate clean, sustainable energy. They come in various sizes, from small residential turbines to massive commercial installations, and play a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and meeting renewable energy goals."""
pn.panel(text, width=300, height=100).servable()
Sizing Mode#
The sizing_mode option toggles responsiveness. Let’s create a fixed-size Column and observe its behavior:
import panel as pn
pn.extension()
layout = pn.Spacer(styles={'background': 'green'}, sizing_mode='stretch_width', height=200)
pn.Column(layout, width=400, height=400, styles={'border': '1px solid black'}).servable()
import panel as pn
pn.extension()
layout = pn.Spacer(styles={'background': 'green'}, sizing_mode='stretch_height', width=200)
pn.Column(layout, width=400, height=400, styles={'border': '1px solid black'}).servable()
import panel as pn
pn.extension()
layout = pn.Spacer(styles={'background': 'green'}, sizing_mode='stretch_both')
pn.Column(layout, width=400, height=400, styles={'border': '1px solid black'}).servable()
Exercises#
Let’s dive in!
Configure the Sizing Mode#
Rearrange the Markdown pane and Bokeh figure below such that they fully fill the available space but also ensure that the text never shrinks below 200 pixels and never grows above 500 pixels in width.
import pandas as pd
import panel as pn
from bokeh.plotting import figure
pn.extension()
text = """A *wind turbine* is a renewable energy device that converts the kinetic energy from wind into electricity. It typically consists of a tall tower with large blades attached to a rotor. As the wind blows, it causes the rotor to spin, which in turn rotates a generator to produce electricity. Wind turbines are designed to harness the natural power of the wind and are used to generate clean, sustainable energy. They come in various sizes, from small residential turbines to massive commercial installations, and play a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and meeting renewable energy goals."""
data = pd.DataFrame(
[
("Monday", 7),
("Tuesday", 4),
("Wednesday", 9),
("Thursday", 4),
("Friday", 4),
("Saturday", 5),
("Sunday", 4),
],
columns=["Day", "Wind Speed (m/s)"],
)
fig = figure(
x_range=data["Day"],
title="Wind Speed by Day",
y_axis_label="Wind Speed (m/s)",
# <- insert argument here
)
fig.vbar(x=data["Day"], top=data["Wind Speed (m/s)"], width=0.5, color="navy", )
md = pn.pane.Markdown(
text, # <- insert arguments here
)
pn.Row(fig, md, height=500, sizing_mode="stretch_width").servable()
Hint
Hint 1: Use min_width, max_width, and sizing_mode arguments.
Hint 2: To ensure the content displays correctly, you may need to adjust both the underlying object’s settings and the Panel component displaying it.
Test your solution by changing the window size of your browser. It should look like below.
Solution
import pandas as pd
import panel as pn
from bokeh.plotting import figure
pn.extension()
text = """A *wind turbine* is a renewable energy device that converts the kinetic energy from wind into electricity. It typically consists of a tall tower with large blades attached to a rotor. As the wind blows, it causes the rotor to spin, which in turn rotates a generator to produce electricity. Wind turbines are designed to harness the natural power of the wind and are used to generate clean, sustainable energy. They come in various sizes, from small residential turbines to massive commercial installations, and play a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and meeting renewable energy goals."""
data = pd.DataFrame(
[
("Monday", 7),
("Tuesday", 4),
("Wednesday", 9),
("Thursday", 4),
("Friday", 4),
("Saturday", 5),
("Sunday", 4),
],
columns=["Day", "Wind Speed (m/s)"],
)
fig = figure(
x_range=data["Day"],
title="Wind Speed by Day",
y_axis_label="Wind Speed (m/s)",
sizing_mode='stretch_both',
)
fig.vbar(x=data["Day"], top=data["Wind Speed (m/s)"], width=0.5, color="navy", )
md = pn.pane.Markdown(
text, sizing_mode="stretch_width", min_width=200, max_width=500,
)
pn.Row(fig, md, height=500, sizing_mode="stretch_width").servable()
Finetune with Widgets#
Tip
Pro Tip: Speed up the process of fine-tuning by using interactive widgets instead of code. Panel’s pn.Param provides an easy way to create widgets to control your Panel component.
Continue from the previous exercise solution. Add the settings component below your Row:
settings = pn.Param(md, parameters=["sizing_mode", "min_width", "max_width"])
Try changing the values of the sizing_mode, min_height, and max_height widgets interactively. Observe the effect on the component’s display as you adjust the values.
Solution
import pandas as pd
import panel as pn
from bokeh.plotting import figure
pn.extension()
text = """A *wind turbine* is a renewable energy device that converts the kinetic energy from wind into electricity. It typically consists of a tall tower with large blades attached to a rotor. As the wind blows, it causes the rotor to spin, which in turn rotates a generator to produce electricity. Wind turbines are designed to harness the natural power of the wind and are used to generate clean, sustainable energy. They come in various sizes, from small residential turbines to massive commercial installations, and play a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and meeting renewable energy goals."""
data = pd.DataFrame(
[
("Monday", 7),
("Tuesday", 4),
("Wednesday", 9),
("Thursday", 4),
("Friday", 4),
("Saturday", 5),
("Sunday", 4),
],
columns=["Day", "Wind Speed (m/s)"],
)
fig = figure(
x_range=data["Day"],
title="Wind Speed by Day",
y_axis_label="Wind Speed (m/s)",
sizing_mode='stretch_both',
)
fig.vbar(x=data["Day"], top=data["Wind Speed (m/s)"], width=0.5, color="navy", )
md = pn.pane.Markdown(
text, min_width=200, max_width=500,
)
settings = pn.Param(md, parameters=["sizing_mode", "min_width", "max_width"])
pn.Row(fig, md, settings, height=500,).servable()
Change the Defaults#
Note
The default sizing_mode of Panel is "fixed". We can change the default sizing_mode via pn.extension(sizing_mode=...) or pn.config.sizing_mode=....
Let’s redo the initial sizing_mode exercise, but this time with a default sizing_mode of "stretch_width".
Solution
import pandas as pd
import panel as pn
from bokeh.plotting import figure
pn.extension(sizing_mode="stretch_width")
text = """A *wind turbine* is a renewable energy device that converts the kinetic energy from wind into electricity. It typically consists of a tall tower with large blades attached to a rotor. As the wind blows, it causes the rotor to spin, which in turn rotates a generator to produce electricity. Wind turbines are designed to harness the natural power of the wind and are used to generate clean, sustainable energy. They come in various sizes, from small residential turbines to massive commercial installations, and play a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and meeting renewable energy goals."""
data = pd.DataFrame(
[
("Monday", 7),
("Tuesday", 4),
("Wednesday", 9),
("Thursday", 4),
("Friday", 4),
("Saturday", 5),
("Sunday", 4),
],
columns=["Day", "Wind Speed (m/s)"],
)
fig = figure(
x_range=data["Day"],
title="Wind Speed by Day",
y_axis_label="Wind Speed (m/s)",
sizing_mode='stretch_both',
)
fig.vbar(x=data["Day"], top=data["Wind Speed (m/s)"], width=0.5, color="navy", )
md = pn.pane.Markdown(
text, min_width=200, max_width=500,
)
pn.Row(fig, md, height=500,).servable()
Responsive Layouts with FlexBox#
Responsive layouts are essential for adapting to various screen sizes. Panel’s FlexBox layout provides this functionality out of the box.
Let’s try out FlexBox:
import panel as pn
import random
pn.extension()
def create_random_spacer():
return pn.Spacer(
height=100,
width=random.randint(1, 4) * 100,
styles={"background": "teal"},
margin=5,
)
spacers = [create_random_spacer() for _ in range(10)]
pn.FlexBox(*spacers).servable()
Adjust the width of your browser window to observe the layout’s responsiveness.
Note
We’ll explore FlexBox in more detail in the Advanced Layouts tutorial.
Recap#
In this tutorial, we’ve explored various aspects of controlling component size in Panel. We’ve covered inherent sizing, fixed sizing, and responsive sizing, along with the powerful FlexBox layout:
sizing_mode: Allows toggling between fixed sizing and responsive sizing along vertical and/or horizontal dimensions.width/height: Allows setting a fixed width or height.min_width/min_height: Allows setting a minimum width or height if responsive sizing is set along the corresponding dimension.max_width/max_height: Allows setting a maximum width or height if responsive sizing is set along the corresponding dimension.
