__init__ Module

__init__ Module

Panel is a high level app and dashboarding framework

Panel is an open-source Python library that lets you create custom interactive web apps and dashboards by connecting user-defined widgets to plots, images, tables, or text.

Panel works with the tools you know and ❤️.

Check out https://panel.holoviz.org/

Panel Dashboard

How to develop a Panel app in 3 simple steps

• Write the app

>>> import panel as pn
>>> pn.extension(sizing_mode="stretch_width", template="fast")
>>> pn.state.template.param.update(title="My Data App")
>>> pn.panel(some_python_object).servable()

• Run your app

$ panel serve my_script.py –dev –show

or

$ panel serve my_notebook.ipynb –dev –show

The app will be available in your browser!

• Change your code and save it

The app will reload with your changes!

You can also add automatic reload to jupyterlab. Check out https://blog.holoviz.org/panel_0.12.0.html#JupyterLab-previews

To learn more about Panel check out https://panel.holoviz.org/getting_started/index.html

class panel.__init__.Accordion(*objects, **params)

Bases: NamedListPanel

The Accordion layout is a type of Card layout that allows switching between multiple objects by clicking on the corresponding card header.

The labels for each card will default to the name parameter of the card’s contents, but may also be defined explicitly as part of a tuple.

Like Column and Row, Accordion has a list-like API that allows interactively updating and modifying the cards using the methods append, extend, clear, insert, pop, remove and __setitem__.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/Accordion.html

Example:

>>> pn.Accordion(some_pane_with_a_name, ("Plot", some_plot))

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.NamedListLike: objects

panel.layout.base.NamedListPanel: scroll

active = param.List(allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), default=[], label=’Active’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b2cfe90>)

List of indexes of active cards.

active_header_background = param.String(allow_refs=False, default=’#ddd’, label=’Active header background’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b2d0850>)

Color for currently active headers.

header_color = param.String(allow_refs=False, default=’’, label=’Header color’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b2d0110>)

A valid CSS color to apply to the expand button.

header_background = param.String(allow_refs=False, default=’’, label=’Header background’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b2d1850>)

A valid CSS color for the header background.

toggle = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=False, label=’Toggle’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b2cf150>)

Whether to toggle between active cards or allow multiple cards

append(pane: Any) → None

Appends an object to the tabs.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to add as a tab.

clear() → None

Clears the tabs.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → NamedListLike

Makes a copy of the Tabs sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

objects: Objects to add to the cloned Tabs object. params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned Tabs object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(panes: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the the tabs with a list.

Arguments

objects (list): List of panel components to add as tabs.

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: boolean (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

insert(index: int, pane: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the tabs at the specified index.

Arguments

index (int): Index at which to insert the object. object (object): Panel components to insert as tabs.

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the tabs by index.

Arguments

index (int): The index of the item to pop from the tabs.

remove(pane: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the tabs.

Arguments

obj (object): The object to remove from the tabs.

reverse() → None

Reverses the tabs.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector: type | Callable[[Viewable], bool] | None = None) → list[Viewable]

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

class panel.__init__.Card(*objects, **params)

Bases: Column

A Card layout allows arranging multiple panel objects in a collapsible, vertical container with a header bar.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/Card.html

Example:

>>> pn.Card(
...     some_widget, some_pane, some_python_object,
...     title='Card', styles=dict(background='WhiteSmoke'),
... )

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.ListLike: objects

panel.layout.base.ListPanel: scroll

panel.layout.base.Column: auto_scroll_limit, scroll_button_threshold, scroll_position, view_latest

css_classes = param.List(allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), default=[‘card’], label=’Css classes’, nested_refs=True, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b2a0ed0>)

CSS classes to apply to the overall Card.

active_header_background = param.String(allow_refs=False, default=’’, label=’Active header background’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b193290>)

A valid CSS color for the header background when not collapsed.

button_css_classes = param.List(allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), default=[‘card-button’], label=’Button css classes’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b2a16d0>)

CSS classes to apply to the button element.

collapsible = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=True, label=’Collapsible’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b193290>)

Whether the Card should be expandable and collapsible.

collapsed = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=False, label=’Collapsed’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b1abe50>)

Whether the contents of the Card are collapsed.

header = param.Parameter(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, label=’Header’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b192110>)

A Panel component to display in the header bar of the Card. Will override the given title if defined.

header_background = param.String(allow_refs=False, default=’’, label=’Header background’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b2a0ed0>)

A valid CSS color for the header background.

header_color = param.String(allow_refs=False, default=’’, label=’Header color’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b193290>)

A valid CSS color to apply to the header text.

header_css_classes = param.List(allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), default=[‘card-header’], label=’Header css classes’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b2a16d0>)

CSS classes to apply to the header element.

hide_header = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=False, label=’Hide header’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b190610>)

Whether to skip rendering the header.

title_css_classes = param.List(allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), default=[‘card-title’], label=’Title css classes’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b2a16d0>)

CSS classes to apply to the header title.

title = param.String(allow_refs=False, default=’’, label=’Title’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b192e50>)

A title to be displayed in the Card header, will be overridden by the header if defined.

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to add to the layout.

clear() → list[Viewable]

Clears the objects on this layout.

Returns

objects (list[Viewable]): List of cleared objects.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

objects: Objects to add to the cloned layout. params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Arguments

objects (list): List of panel components to add to the layout.

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: boolean (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

index(object) → int

Returns the integer index of the supplied object in the list of objects.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to look up the index for.

Returns

index (int): Integer index of the object in the layout.

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Arguments

index (int): Index at which to insert the object. object (object): Panel components to insert in the layout.

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Arguments

index (int): The index of the item to pop from the layout.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): The object to remove from the layout.

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector: type | Callable[[Viewable], bool] | None = None) → list[Viewable]

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

class panel.__init__.Column(*objects: Any, **params: Any)

Bases: ListPanel

The Column layout allows arranging multiple panel objects in a vertical container.

It has a list-like API with methods to append, extend, clear, insert, pop, remove and __setitem__, which makes it possible to interactively update and modify the layout.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/Column.html

Example:

>>> pn.Column(some_widget, some_pane, some_python_object)

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.ListLike: objects

panel.layout.base.ListPanel: scroll

auto_scroll_limit = param.Integer(allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), default=0, inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Auto scroll limit’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b16c290>)

Max pixel distance from the latest object in the Column to activate automatic scrolling upon update. Setting to 0 disables auto-scrolling.

scroll_button_threshold = param.Integer(allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), default=0, inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Scroll button threshold’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b163150>)

Min pixel distance from the latest object in the Column to display the scroll button. Setting to 0 disables the scroll button.

scroll_position = param.Integer(allow_refs=False, default=0, inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Scroll position’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b16c590>)

Current scroll position of the Column. Setting this value will update the scroll position of the Column. Setting to 0 will scroll to the top.

view_latest = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=False, label=’View latest’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b163cd0>)

Whether to scroll to the latest object on init. If not enabled the view will be on the first object.

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to add to the layout.

clear() → list[Viewable]

Clears the objects on this layout.

Returns

objects (list[Viewable]): List of cleared objects.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

objects: Objects to add to the cloned layout. params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Arguments

objects (list): List of panel components to add to the layout.

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: boolean (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

index(object) → int

Returns the integer index of the supplied object in the list of objects.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to look up the index for.

Returns

index (int): Integer index of the object in the layout.

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Arguments

index (int): Index at which to insert the object. object (object): Panel components to insert in the layout.

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Arguments

index (int): The index of the item to pop from the layout.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): The object to remove from the layout.

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

class panel.__init__.Feed(*objects, **params)

Bases: Column

The Feed class inherits from the Column layout, thereby enabling the arrangement of multiple panel objects within a vertical container. However, it restrictively manages the number of objects displayed at any moment. This layout is particularly useful for efficiently rendering a substantial number of objects.

Similar to Column, the Feed provides a list-like API, including methods such as append, extend, clear, insert, pop, remove, and __setitem__. These methods facilitate interactive updates and modifications to the layout.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/Feed.html

Example:

>>> pn.Feed(some_widget, some_pane, some_python_object, ..., python_object_1002)

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.ListLike: objects

panel.layout.base.Column: auto_scroll_limit, scroll_button_threshold, scroll_position, view_latest

scroll = param.Selector(allow_refs=False, default=’y’, label=’Scroll’, names={}, nested_refs=False, objects=[False, True, ‘both-auto’, ‘y-auto’, ‘x-auto’, ‘both’, ‘x’, ‘y’], rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a7fe210>)

Whether to add scrollbars if the content overflows the size of the container. If “both-auto”, will only add scrollbars if the content overflows in either directions. If “x-auto” or “y-auto”, will only add scrollbars if the content overflows in the respective direction. If “both”, will always add scrollbars. If “x” or “y”, will always add scrollbars in the respective direction. If False, overflowing content will be clipped. If True, will only add scrollbars in the direction of the container, (e.g. Column: vertical, Row: horizontal).

load_buffer = param.Integer(allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), default=50, inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Load buffer’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b1ad750>)

The number of objects loaded on each side of the visible objects. When scrolled halfway into the buffer, the feed will automatically load additional objects while unloading objects on the opposite side.

visible_range = param.Range(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, constant=True, inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Visible range’, length=2, nested_refs=False, readonly=True, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b1ac8d0>)

Read-only upper and lower bounds of the currently visible feed objects. This list is automatically updated based on scrolling.

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to add to the layout.

clear() → list[Viewable]

Clears the objects on this layout.

Returns

objects (list[Viewable]): List of cleared objects.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

objects: Objects to add to the cloned layout. params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Arguments

objects (list): List of panel components to add to the layout.

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: boolean (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

index(object) → int

Returns the integer index of the supplied object in the list of objects.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to look up the index for.

Returns

index (int): Integer index of the object in the layout.

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Arguments

index (int): Index at which to insert the object. object (object): Panel components to insert in the layout.

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Arguments

index (int): The index of the item to pop from the layout.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): The object to remove from the layout.

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

scroll_to_latest()

Scrolls the Feed to the latest entry.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

class panel.__init__.FlexBox(*objects, **params)

Bases: ListLike, ReactiveHTML

The FlexBox is a list-like layout (unlike GridSpec) that wraps objects into a CSS flex container.

It has a list-like API with methods to append, extend, clear, insert, pop, remove and __setitem__, which makes it possible to interactively update and modify the layout. It exposes all the CSS options for controlling the behavior and layout of the flex box.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/FlexBox.html

Example:

>>> pn.FlexBox(
...    some_python_object, another_python_object, ...,
...    the_last_python_object
... )

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.ListLike: objects

align_content = param.Selector(allow_refs=False, default=’flex-start’, label=’Align content’, names={}, nested_refs=False, objects=[‘normal’, ‘flex-start’, ‘flex-end’, ‘center’, ‘space-between’, ‘space-around’, ‘space-evenly’, ‘stretch’, ‘start’, ‘end’, ‘baseline’, ‘first baseline’, ‘last baseline’], rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b1b3810>)

Defines how a flex container’s lines align when there is extra space in the cross-axis.

align_items = param.Selector(allow_refs=False, default=’flex-start’, label=’Align items’, names={}, nested_refs=False, objects=[‘stretch’, ‘flex-start’, ‘flex-end’, ‘center’, ‘baseline’, ‘first baseline’, ‘last baseline’, ‘start’, ‘end’, ‘self-start’, ‘self-end’], rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b0c90d0>)

Defines the default behavior for how flex items are laid out along the cross axis on the current line.

flex_direction = param.Selector(allow_refs=False, default=’row’, label=’Flex direction’, names={}, nested_refs=False, objects=[‘row’, ‘row-reverse’, ‘column’, ‘column-reverse’], rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b1b2cd0>)

This establishes the main-axis, thus defining the direction flex items are placed in the flex container.

flex_wrap = param.Selector(allow_refs=False, default=’wrap’, label=’Flex wrap’, names={}, nested_refs=False, objects=[‘nowrap’, ‘wrap’, ‘wrap-reverse’], rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b0cbad0>)

Whether and how to wrap items in the flex container.

gap = param.String(allow_refs=False, default=’’, label=’Gap’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b1b2f90>)

Defines the spacing between flex items, supporting various units (px, em, rem, %, vw/vh).

justify_content = param.Selector(allow_refs=False, default=’flex-start’, label=’Justify content’, names={}, nested_refs=False, objects=[‘flex-start’, ‘flex-end’, ‘center’, ‘space-between’, ‘space-around’, ‘space-evenly’, ‘start’, ‘end’, ‘left’, ‘right’], rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b0cbf10>)

Defines the alignment along the main axis.

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to add to the layout.

clear() → list[Viewable]

Clears the objects on this layout.

Returns

objects (list[Viewable]): List of cleared objects.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

objects: Objects to add to the cloned layout. params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Arguments

objects (list): List of panel components to add to the layout.

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: boolean (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

index(object) → int

Returns the integer index of the supplied object in the list of objects.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to look up the index for.

Returns

index (int): Integer index of the object in the layout.

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Arguments

index (int): Index at which to insert the object. object (object): Panel components to insert in the layout.

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

on_event(node: str, event: str, callback: Callable) → None

Registers a callback to be executed when the specified DOM event is triggered on the named node. Note that the named node must be declared in the HTML. To create a named node you must give it an id of the form id=”name”, where name will be the node identifier.

Arguments

node: str

Named node in the HTML identifiable via id of the form id=”name”.

event: str

Name of the DOM event to add an event listener to.

callback: callable

A callable which will be given the DOMEvent object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Arguments

index (int): The index of the item to pop from the layout.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): The object to remove from the layout.

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

class panel.__init__.FloatPanel(*objects, name='', **params)

Bases: ListLike, ReactiveHTML

Float provides a floating panel layout.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/FloatPanel.html

Example:

>>> import panel as pn
>>> pn.extension("floatpanel")
>>> pn.layout.FloatPanel("**I can float**!", position="center", width=300).servable()

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.ListLike: objects

config = param.Dict(allow_refs=False, class_=<class ‘dict’>, default={}, label=’Config’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11ab46790>)

Additional jsPanel configuration with precedence over parameter values.

contained = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=True, label=’Contained’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11ab36210>)

Whether the component is contained within parent container or completely free floating.

position = param.Selector(allow_refs=False, default=’right-top’, label=’Position’, names={}, nested_refs=False, objects=[‘center’, ‘left-top’, ‘center-top’, ‘right-top’, ‘right-center’, ‘right-bottom’, ‘center-bottom’, ‘left-bottom’, ‘left-center’], rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11afe0890>)

The initial position if the container is free-floating.

offsetx = param.Integer(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Offsetx’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11ae2e410>)

Horizontal offset in pixels.

offsety = param.Integer(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Offsety’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11ae2e790>)

Vertical offset in pixels.

theme = param.String(allow_refs=False, default=’primary’, label=’Theme’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11ab36210>)

The theme which can be one of: - Built-ins: ‘default’, ‘primary’, ‘secondary’, ‘info’, ‘success’, ‘warning’, ‘danger’, ‘light’, ‘dark’ and ‘none’ - HEX, RGB and HSL color values like ‘#123456’ Any standardized color name like ‘forestgreen’ and color names from the Material Design Color System like ‘purple900’ - Additionally a theme string may include one of the modifiers ‘filled’, ‘filledlight’, ‘filleddark’ or ‘fillcolor’ separated from the theme color by a space like ‘primary

status = param.Selector(allow_refs=False, default=’normalized’, label=’Status’, names={}, nested_refs=False, objects=[‘normalized’, ‘maximized’, ‘minimized’, ‘smallified’, ‘smallifiedmax’, ‘closed’], rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11ab46610>)

The current status of the panel.

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to add to the layout.

clear() → list[Viewable]

Clears the objects on this layout.

Returns

objects (list[Viewable]): List of cleared objects.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

objects: Objects to add to the cloned layout. params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Arguments

objects (list): List of panel components to add to the layout.

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: boolean (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

index(object) → int

Returns the integer index of the supplied object in the list of objects.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to look up the index for.

Returns

index (int): Integer index of the object in the layout.

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Arguments

index (int): Index at which to insert the object. object (object): Panel components to insert in the layout.

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

on_event(node: str, event: str, callback: Callable) → None

Registers a callback to be executed when the specified DOM event is triggered on the named node. Note that the named node must be declared in the HTML. To create a named node you must give it an id of the form id=”name”, where name will be the node identifier.

Arguments

node: str

Named node in the HTML identifiable via id of the form id=”name”.

event: str

Name of the DOM event to add an event listener to.

callback: callable

A callable which will be given the DOMEvent object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Arguments

index (int): The index of the item to pop from the layout.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): The object to remove from the layout.

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

class panel.__init__.GridBox(*objects: Any, **params: Any)

Bases: ListPanel

The GridBox is a list-like layout (unlike GridSpec) that wraps objects into a grid according to the specified nrows and ncols parameters.

It has a list-like API with methods to append, extend, clear, insert, pop, remove and __setitem__, which makes it possible to interactively update and modify the layout.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/GridBox.html

Example:

>>> pn.GridBox(
...    python_object_1, python_object_2, ...,
...    python_object_24, ncols=6
... )

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.ListLike: objects

panel.layout.base.ListPanel: scroll

nrows = param.Integer(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Nrows’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a7f1c50>)

Number of rows to reflow the layout into.

ncols = param.Integer(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Ncols’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a75c350>)

Number of columns to reflow the layout into.

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to add to the layout.

clear() → list[Viewable]

Clears the objects on this layout.

Returns

objects (list[Viewable]): List of cleared objects.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

objects: Objects to add to the cloned layout. params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Arguments

objects (list): List of panel components to add to the layout.

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: boolean (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

index(object) → int

Returns the integer index of the supplied object in the list of objects.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to look up the index for.

Returns

index (int): Integer index of the object in the layout.

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Arguments

index (int): Index at which to insert the object. object (object): Panel components to insert in the layout.

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Arguments

index (int): The index of the item to pop from the layout.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): The object to remove from the layout.

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

class panel.__init__.GridSpec(*, mode, ncols, nrows, objects, loading, align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, height, height_policy, margin, max_height, max_width, min_height, min_width, sizing_mode, styles, stylesheets, tags, visible, width, width_policy, name)

Bases: Panel

The GridSpec is an array like layout that allows arranging multiple Panel objects in a grid using a simple API to assign objects to individual grid cells or to a grid span.

Other layout containers function like lists, but a GridSpec has an API similar to a 2D array, making it possible to use 2D assignment to populate, index, and slice the grid.

See GridStack for a similar layout that allows the user to resize and drag the cells.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/GridSpec.html

Example:

>>> import panel as pn
>>> gspec = pn.GridSpec(width=800, height=600)
>>> gspec[:,   0  ] = pn.Spacer(styles=dict(background='red'))
>>> gspec[0,   1:3] = pn.Spacer(styles=dict(background='green'))
>>> gspec[1,   2:4] = pn.Spacer(styles=dict(background='orange'))
>>> gspec[2,   1:4] = pn.Spacer(styles=dict(background='blue'))
>>> gspec[0:1, 3:4] = pn.Spacer(styles=dict(background='purple'))
>>> gspec

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

objects = param.ChildDict(allow_refs=False, class_=<class ‘dict’>, default={}, label=’Objects’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b253a10>)

The dictionary of child objects that make up the grid.

mode = param.ObjectSelector(allow_refs=False, default=’warn’, label=’Mode’, names={}, nested_refs=False, objects=[‘warn’, ‘error’, ‘override’], rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a4c9310>)

Whether to warn, error or simply override on overlapping assignment.

ncols = param.Integer(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Ncols’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a4c8d50>)

Limits the number of columns that can be assigned.

nrows = param.Integer(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Nrows’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a4c7650>)

Limits the number of rows that can be assigned.

clone(**params)

Makes a copy of the GridSpec sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned GridSpec object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: boolean (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

class panel.__init__.GridStack(*, allow_drag, allow_resize, state, mode, ncols, nrows, objects, loading, align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, height, height_policy, margin, max_height, max_width, min_height, min_width, sizing_mode, styles, stylesheets, tags, visible, width, width_policy, name)

Bases: ReactiveHTML, GridSpec

The GridStack layout allows arranging multiple Panel objects in a grid using a simple API to assign objects to individual grid cells or to a grid span.

Other layout containers function like lists, but a GridSpec has an API similar to a 2D array, making it possible to use 2D assignment to populate, index, and slice the grid.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/GridStack.html

Example:

>>> pn.extension('gridstack')
>>> gstack = GridStack(sizing_mode='stretch_both')
>>> gstack[ : , 0: 3] = pn.Spacer(styles=dict(background='red'))
>>> gstack[0:2, 3: 9] = pn.Spacer(styles=dict(background='green'))
>>> gstack[2:4, 6:12] = pn.Spacer(styles=dict(background='orange'))
>>> gstack[4:6, 3:12] = pn.Spacer(styles=dict(background='blue'))
>>> gstack[0:2, 9:12] = pn.Spacer(styles=dict(background='purple'))

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.grid.GridSpec: objects, mode, ncols, nrows

height = param.Integer(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Height’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x119cff910>)

The height of the component (in pixels). This can be either fixed or preferred height, depending on height sizing policy.

width = param.Integer(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Width’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x119cfcb50>)

The width of the component (in pixels). This can be either fixed or preferred width, depending on width sizing policy.

allow_resize = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=True, label=’Allow resize’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x119cff250>)

Allow resizing the grid cells.

allow_drag = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=True, label=’Allow drag’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x119cfdad0>)

Allow dragging the grid cells.

state = param.List(allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), default=[], label=’State’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x119cfec90>)

Current state of the grid (updated as items are resized and dragged).

clone(**params)

Makes a copy of the GridSpec sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned GridSpec object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: boolean (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

on_event(node: str, event: str, callback: Callable) → None

Registers a callback to be executed when the specified DOM event is triggered on the named node. Note that the named node must be declared in the HTML. To create a named node you must give it an id of the form id=”name”, where name will be the node identifier.

Arguments

node: str

Named node in the HTML identifiable via id of the form id=”name”.

event: str

Name of the DOM event to add an event listener to.

callback: callable

A callable which will be given the DOMEvent object.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

class panel.__init__.HSpacer(refs=None, **params)

Bases: Spacer

The HSpacer layout provides responsive horizontal spacing.

Using this component we can space objects equidistantly in a layout and allow the empty space to shrink when the browser is resized.

How-to: https://panel.holoviz.org/how_to/layout/spacing.html#spacer-components

Example:

>>> pn.Row(
...     pn.layout.HSpacer(), 'Item 1',
...     pn.layout.HSpacer(), 'Item 2',
...     pn.layout.HSpacer()
... )

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

sizing_mode = param.Parameter(allow_refs=False, constant=True, default=’stretch_width’, label=’Sizing mode’, nested_refs=False, readonly=True, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a161d90>)

How the component should size itself. This is a high-level setting for maintaining width and height of the component. To gain more fine grained control over sizing, use width_policy, height_policy and aspect_ratio instead (those take precedence over sizing_mode). "fixed" Component is not responsive. It will retain its original width and height regardless of any subsequent browser window resize events. "stretch_width" Component will responsively resize to stretch to the available width, without maintaining any aspect ratio. The height of the component depends on the type of the component and may be fixed or fit to component’s contents. "stretch_height" Component will responsively resize to stretch to the available height, without maintaining any aspect ratio. The width of the component depends on the type of the component and may be fixed or fit to component’s contents. "stretch_both" Component is completely responsive, independently in width and height, and will occupy all the available horizontal and vertical space, even if this changes the aspect ratio of the component. "scale_width" Component will responsively resize to stretch to the available width, while maintaining the original or provided aspect ratio. "scale_height" Component will responsively resize to stretch to the available height, while maintaining the original or provided aspect ratio. "scale_both" Component will responsively resize to both the available width and height, while maintaining the original or provided aspect ratio.

clone(**params) → Viewable

Makes a copy of the object sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned Viewable object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: boolean (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector: type | Callable[[Viewable], bool] | None = None) → list[Viewable]

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

class panel.__init__.Param(object=None, **params)

Bases: Pane

Param panes render a Parameterized class into a set of interactive widgets that are dynamically linked to the parameter values of the class.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/panes/Param.html

Example:

>>> import param
>>> import panel as pn
>>> pn.extension()

>>> class App(param.Parameterized):
>>>     some_text = param.String(default="Hello")
>>>     some_float = param.Number(default=1, bounds=(0, 10), step=0.1)
>>>     some_boolean = param.Boolean(default=True)

>>> app = App()

>>> pn.Param(app, parameters=["some_text", "some_float"], show_name=False).servable()

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, styles, stylesheets, tags, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.pane.base.PaneBase: margin

height = param.Integer(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Height’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a127350>)

Height of widgetbox the parameter widgets are displayed in.

width = param.Integer(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Width’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a127b90>)

Width of widgetbox the parameter widgets are displayed in.

default_layout = param.ClassSelector(allow_refs=False, class_=<class ‘panel.layout.base.Panel’>, default=<class ‘panel.layout.base.Column’>, label=’Default layout’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a127610>)

Defines the layout the model(s) returned by the pane will be placed in.

object = param.Parameter(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, label=’Object’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a124d90>)

The object being wrapped, which will be converted to a Bokeh model.

display_threshold = param.Number(allow_refs=False, default=0, inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Display threshold’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a1269d0>)

Parameters with precedence below this value are not displayed.

default_precedence = param.Number(allow_refs=False, default=1e-08, inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Default precedence’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a126b10>)

Precedence value to use for parameters with no declared precedence. By default, zero predecence is available for forcing some parameters to the top of the list, and other values above the default_precedence values can be used to sort or group parameters arbitrarily.

expand = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=False, label=’Expand’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a1266d0>)

Whether parameterized subobjects are expanded or collapsed on instantiation.

expand_button = param.Boolean(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, label=’Expand button’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a124dd0>)

Whether to add buttons to expand and collapse sub-objects.

expand_layout = param.Parameter(allow_refs=False, default=<class ‘panel.layout.base.Column’>, label=’Expand layout’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a127cd0>)

Layout to expand sub-objects into.

hide_constant = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=False, label=’Hide constant’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a127b90>)

Whether to hide widgets of constant parameters.

initializer = param.Callable(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, label=’Initializer’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a124d50>)

User-supplied function that will be called on initialization, usually to update the default Parameter values of the underlying parameterized object.

parameters = param.List(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), default=[], label=’Parameters’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a124410>)

If set this serves as a allowlist of parameters to display on the supplied Parameterized object.

show_labels = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=True, label=’Show labels’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a127f50>)

Whether to show labels for each widget

show_name = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=True, label=’Show name’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a127610>)

Whether to show the parameterized object’s name

sort = param.ClassSelector(allow_refs=False, class_=(<class ‘bool’>, <class ‘collections.abc.Callable’>), default=False, label=’Sort’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a1271d0>)

If True the widgets will be sorted alphabetically by label. If a callable is provided it will be used to sort the Parameters, for example lambda x: x[1].label[::-1] will sort by the reversed label.

widgets = param.Dict(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, class_=<class ‘dict’>, label=’Widgets’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a126450>)

Dictionary of widget overrides, mapping from parameter name to widget class.

classmethod applies(obj: Any) → float | bool | None

Returns boolean or float indicating whether the Pane can render the object.

If the priority of the pane is set to None, this method may also be used to define a float priority depending on the object being rendered.

clone(object: Any | None = None, **params) → T

Makes a copy of the Pane sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

object: Optional new object to render params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned Pane object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

default_layout

alias of Column

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

expand_layout

alias of Column

classmethod get_pane_type(obj: Any, **kwargs) → type[PaneBase]

Returns the applicable Pane type given an object by resolving the precedence of all types whose applies method declares that the object is supported.

Arguments

obj (object): The object type to return a Pane type for

Returns

The applicable Pane type with the highest precedence.

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.document.Document

Optional Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: bool (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

widget(p_name)

Get widget for param_name

class panel.__init__.ReactiveExpr(object=None, **params)

Bases: Pane

ReactiveExpr generates a UI for param.rx objects by rendering the widgets and outputs.

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.pane.base.PaneBase: margin, default_layout

object = param.Parameter(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, label=’Object’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x119b95790>)

The object being wrapped, which will be converted to a Bokeh model.

center = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=False, label=’Center’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x119b95250>)

Whether to center the output.

show_widgets = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=True, label=’Show widgets’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x119b95950>)

Whether to display the widget inputs.

widget_layout = param.Selector(allow_refs=False, constant=True, default=<class ‘panel.layout.base.WidgetBox’>, label=’Widget layout’, names={}, nested_refs=False, objects=[<class ‘panel.layout.base.WidgetBox’>, <class ‘panel.layout.base.Row’>, <class ‘panel.layout.base.Column’>], rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x119b95510>)

The layout object to display the widgets in.

widget_location = param.Selector(allow_refs=False, default=’left_top’, label=’Widget location’, names={}, nested_refs=False, objects=[‘left’, ‘right’, ‘top’, ‘bottom’, ‘top_left’, ‘top_right’, ‘bottom_left’, ‘bottom_right’, ‘left_top’, ‘right_top’, ‘right_bottom’], rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x119b97010>)

The location of the widgets relative to the output of the reactive expression.

classmethod applies(object)

Returns boolean or float indicating whether the Pane can render the object.

If the priority of the pane is set to None, this method may also be used to define a float priority depending on the object being rendered.

clone(object: Any | None = None, **params) → T

Makes a copy of the Pane sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

object: Optional new object to render params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned Pane object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

default_layout

alias of Row

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

classmethod get_pane_type(obj: Any, **kwargs) → type[PaneBase]

Returns the applicable Pane type given an object by resolving the precedence of all types whose applies method declares that the object is supported.

Arguments

obj (object): The object type to return a Pane type for

Returns

The applicable Pane type with the highest precedence.

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.document.Document

Optional Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: bool (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector: type | Callable[[Viewable], bool] | None = None) → list[Viewable]

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

widget_layout

alias of WidgetBox

class panel.__init__.Row(*objects: Any, **params: Any)

Bases: ListPanel

The Row layout allows arranging multiple panel objects in a horizontal container.

It has a list-like API with methods to append, extend, clear, insert, pop, remove and __setitem__, which makes it possible to interactively update and modify the layout.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/Row.html

Example:

>>> pn.Row(some_widget, some_pane, some_python_object)

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.ListLike: objects

panel.layout.base.ListPanel: scroll

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to add to the layout.

clear() → list[Viewable]

Clears the objects on this layout.

Returns

objects (list[Viewable]): List of cleared objects.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

objects: Objects to add to the cloned layout. params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Arguments

objects (list): List of panel components to add to the layout.

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: boolean (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

index(object) → int

Returns the integer index of the supplied object in the list of objects.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to look up the index for.

Returns

index (int): Integer index of the object in the layout.

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Arguments

index (int): Index at which to insert the object. object (object): Panel components to insert in the layout.

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Arguments

index (int): The index of the item to pop from the layout.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): The object to remove from the layout.

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

class panel.__init__.Spacer(refs=None, **params)

Bases: Reactive

The Spacer layout is a very versatile component which makes it easy to put fixed or responsive spacing between objects.

Like all other components spacers support both absolute and responsive sizing modes.

How-to: https://panel.holoviz.org/how_to/layout/spacing.html#spacer-components

Example:

>>> pn.Row(
...    1, pn.Spacer(width=200),
...    2, pn.Spacer(width=100),
...    3
... )

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

clone(**params) → Viewable

Makes a copy of the object sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned Viewable object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: boolean (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector: type | Callable[[Viewable], bool] | None = None) → list[Viewable]

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

class panel.__init__.Swipe(*objects, **params)

Bases: ListLike, ReactiveHTML

The Swipe layout enables you to quickly compare two panels laid out on top of each other with a part of the before panel shown on one side of a slider and a part of the after panel shown on the other side.

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

objects = param.List(allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, 2), default=[], item_type=<class ‘panel.viewable.Viewable’>, label=’Objects’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x119cd0190>)

The list of child objects that make up the layout.

slider_width = param.Integer(allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, 25), default=5, inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Slider width’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x119cd0ed0>)

The width of the slider in pixels

slider_color = param.Color(allow_named=True, allow_refs=False, default=’black’, label=’Slider color’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a100110>)

The color of the slider

value = param.Integer(allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, 100), default=50, inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Value’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x119cd3c50>)

The percentage of the after panel to show.

_before = param.Parameter(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, label=’ before’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x119cd0490>)

_after = param.Parameter(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, label=’ after’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x119cd2790>)

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to add to the layout.

clear() → list[Viewable]

Clears the objects on this layout.

Returns

objects (list[Viewable]): List of cleared objects.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

objects: Objects to add to the cloned layout. params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Arguments

objects (list): List of panel components to add to the layout.

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: boolean (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

index(object) → int

Returns the integer index of the supplied object in the list of objects.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to look up the index for.

Returns

index (int): Integer index of the object in the layout.

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Arguments

index (int): Index at which to insert the object. object (object): Panel components to insert in the layout.

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

on_event(node: str, event: str, callback: Callable) → None

Registers a callback to be executed when the specified DOM event is triggered on the named node. Note that the named node must be declared in the HTML. To create a named node you must give it an id of the form id=”name”, where name will be the node identifier.

Arguments

node: str

Named node in the HTML identifiable via id of the form id=”name”.

event: str

Name of the DOM event to add an event listener to.

callback: callable

A callable which will be given the DOMEvent object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Arguments

index (int): The index of the item to pop from the layout.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): The object to remove from the layout.

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

class panel.__init__.Tabs(*objects, **params)

Bases: NamedListPanel

The Tabs layout allows switching between multiple objects by clicking on the corresponding tab header.

Tab labels may be defined explicitly as part of a tuple or will be inferred from the name parameter of the tab’s contents.

Like Column and Row, Tabs has a list-like API with methods to append, extend, clear, insert, pop, remove and __setitem__, which make it possible to interactively update and modify the tabs.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/Tabs.html

Example:

>>> pn.Tabs(('Scatter', plot1), some_pane_with_a_name)

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.NamedListLike: objects

panel.layout.base.NamedListPanel: active, scroll

height = param.Integer(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Height’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b2bf890>)

The height of the component (in pixels). This can be either fixed or preferred height, depending on height sizing policy.

width = param.Integer(allow_None=True, allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Width’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b2c7190>)

The width of the component (in pixels). This can be either fixed or preferred width, depending on width sizing policy.

closable = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=False, label=’Closable’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b2bd590>)

Whether it should be possible to close tabs.

dynamic = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=False, label=’Dynamic’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b2bddd0>)

Dynamically populate only the active tab.

tabs_location = param.ObjectSelector(allow_refs=False, default=’above’, label=’Tabs location’, names={}, nested_refs=False, objects=[‘above’, ‘below’, ‘left’, ‘right’], rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11b2be2d0>)

The location of the tabs relative to the tab contents.

append(pane: Any) → None

Appends an object to the tabs.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to add as a tab.

clear() → None

Clears the tabs.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → NamedListLike

Makes a copy of the Tabs sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

objects: Objects to add to the cloned Tabs object. params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned Tabs object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(panes: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the the tabs with a list.

Arguments

objects (list): List of panel components to add as tabs.

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: boolean (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

insert(index: int, pane: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the tabs at the specified index.

Arguments

index (int): Index at which to insert the object. object (object): Panel components to insert as tabs.

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the tabs by index.

Arguments

index (int): The index of the item to pop from the tabs.

remove(pane: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the tabs.

Arguments

obj (object): The object to remove from the tabs.

reverse() → None

Reverses the tabs.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

class panel.__init__.Template(template: str | _Template, nb_template: str | _Template | None = None, items: dict[str, Any] | None = None, **params)

Bases: BaseTemplate

A Template is a high-level component to render multiple Panel objects into a single HTML document defined through a Jinja2 template. The Template object is given a Jinja2 template and then allows populating this template by adding Panel objects, which are given unique names. These unique names may then be referenced in the template to insert the rendered Panel object at a specific location. For instance, given a Jinja2 template that defines roots A and B like this:

<div> {{ embed(roots.A) }} </div> <div> {{ embed(roots.B) }} </div>

We can then populate the template by adding panel ‘A’ and ‘B’ to the Template object:

template.add_panel(‘A’, pn.panel(‘A’)) template.add_panel(‘B’, pn.panel(‘B’))

Once a template has been fully populated it can be rendered using the same API as other Panel objects. Note that all roots that have been declared using the {{ embed(roots.A) }} syntax in the Jinja2 template must be defined when rendered.

Since embedding complex CSS frameworks inside a notebook can have undesirable side-effects and a notebook does not afford the same amount of screen space a Template may given separate template and nb_template objects. This allows for different layouts when served as a standalone server and when used in the notebook.

Parameters inherited from:

panel.template.base.BaseTemplate: config, design, location, theme

add_panel(name: str, panel: Viewable, tags: list[str] = []) → None

Add panels to the Template, which may then be referenced by the given name using the jinja2 embed macro.

Arguments

namestr

The name to refer to the panel by in the template

panelpanel.Viewable

A Panel component to embed in the template.

add_variable(name: str, value: Any) → None

Add parameters to the template, which may then be referenced by the given name in the Jinja2 template.

Arguments

namestr

The name to refer to the panel by in the template

valueobject

Any valid Jinja2 variable type.

design

alias of Design

resolve_resources(cdn: bool | Literal['auto'] = 'auto', extras: dict[str, dict[str, str]] | None = None) → ResourcesType

Resolves the resources required for this template component.

Arguments

cdn: bool | Literal[‘auto’]

Whether to load resources from CDN or local server. If set to ‘auto’ value will be automatically determine based on global settings.

extras: dict[str, dict[str, str]] | None

Additional resources to add to the bundle. Valid resource types include js, js_modules and css.

Returns

Dictionary containing JS and CSS resources.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources=None, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: string or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Template and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | Location = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → BaseTemplate

Serves the template and returns self to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The template object

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str = None, location: bool | Location = True) → Document

Returns a servable Document with the template attached.

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The Bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The Bokeh document the panel was attached to.

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

theme

alias of DefaultTheme

class panel.__init__.VSpacer(refs=None, **params)

Bases: Spacer

The VSpacer layout provides responsive vertical spacing.

Using this component we can space objects equidistantly in a layout and allow the empty space to shrink when the browser is resized.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/how_to/layout/spacing.html#spacer-components

Example:

>>> pn.Column(
...     pn.layout.VSpacer(), 'Item 1',
...     pn.layout.VSpacer(), 'Item 2',
...     pn.layout.VSpacer()
... )

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

sizing_mode = param.Parameter(allow_refs=False, constant=True, default=’stretch_height’, label=’Sizing mode’, nested_refs=False, readonly=True, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x119cdbf90>)

How the component should size itself. This is a high-level setting for maintaining width and height of the component. To gain more fine grained control over sizing, use width_policy, height_policy and aspect_ratio instead (those take precedence over sizing_mode). "fixed" Component is not responsive. It will retain its original width and height regardless of any subsequent browser window resize events. "stretch_width" Component will responsively resize to stretch to the available width, without maintaining any aspect ratio. The height of the component depends on the type of the component and may be fixed or fit to component’s contents. "stretch_height" Component will responsively resize to stretch to the available height, without maintaining any aspect ratio. The width of the component depends on the type of the component and may be fixed or fit to component’s contents. "stretch_both" Component is completely responsive, independently in width and height, and will occupy all the available horizontal and vertical space, even if this changes the aspect ratio of the component. "scale_width" Component will responsively resize to stretch to the available width, while maintaining the original or provided aspect ratio. "scale_height" Component will responsively resize to stretch to the available height, while maintaining the original or provided aspect ratio. "scale_both" Component will responsively resize to both the available width and height, while maintaining the original or provided aspect ratio.

clone(**params) → Viewable

Makes a copy of the object sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned Viewable object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: boolean (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector: type | Callable[[Viewable], bool] | None = None) → list[Viewable]

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

class panel.__init__.WidgetBox(*objects: Any, **params: Any)

Bases: ListPanel

The WidgetBox layout allows arranging multiple panel objects in a vertical (or horizontal) container.

It is largely identical to the Column layout, but has some default styling that makes widgets be clearly grouped together visually.

It has a list-like API with methods to append, extend, clear, insert, pop, remove and __setitem__, which make it possible to interactively update and modify the layout.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/WidgetBox.html

Example:

>>> pn.WidgetBox(some_widget, another_widget)

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.ListLike: objects

panel.layout.base.ListPanel: scroll

css_classes = param.List(allow_refs=False, bounds=(0, None), default=[‘panel-widget-box’], label=’Css classes’, nested_refs=True, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a03f990>)

CSS classes to apply to the layout.

disabled = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=False, label=’Disabled’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a03c390>)

Whether the widget is disabled.

horizontal = param.Boolean(allow_refs=False, default=False, label=’Horizontal’, nested_refs=False, rx=<param.reactive.reactive_ops object at 0x11a03f210>)

Whether to lay out the widgets in a Row layout as opposed to a Column layout.

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to add to the layout.

clear() → list[Viewable]

Clears the objects on this layout.

Returns

objects (list[Viewable]): List of cleared objects.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Arguments

objects: Objects to add to the cloned layout. params: Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.

Returns

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: list[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → BasePanel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Arguments

parameters: list(str)

An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

jslink: bool

Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

kwargs: dict

Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Returns

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Arguments

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for JSON filename

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=False)

Whether to report progress

states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Arguments

objects (list): List of panel components to add to the layout.

get_root(doc: Document | None = None, comm: Comm | None = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Arguments

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

comm: pyviz_comms.Comm

Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

preprocess: boolean (default=True)

Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Returns

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

index(object) → int

Returns the integer index of the supplied object in the list of objects.

Arguments

obj (object): Panel component to look up the index for.

Returns

index (int): Integer index of the object in the layout.

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Arguments

index (int): Index at which to insert the object. object (object): Panel components to insert in the layout.

jscallback(args: dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Arguments

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

callbacks: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns

callback: Callback

The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: dict[str, str] = None, args: dict | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Arguments

target: panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned

The target to link the value to.

code: dict

Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

args: dict

A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

bidirectional: boolean

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns

link: GenericLink

The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

link(target: Parameterized, callbacks: dict[str, str | Callable] | None = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Arguments

target: param.Parameterized

The target object of the link.

callbacks: dict | None

Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

bidirectional: bool

Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

links: dict

Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Arguments

index (int): The index of the item to pop from the layout.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Arguments

obj (object): The object to remove from the layout.

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | PathLike | IO, title: str | None = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: str | None = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Arguments

filename: str or file-like object

Filename to save the plot to

title: string

Optional title for the plot

resources: bokeh resources

One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

template:

passed to underlying io.save

template_variables:

passed to underlying io.save

embed: bool

Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

max_states: int

The maximum number of states to embed

max_opts: int

The maximum number of states for a single widget

embed_json: boolean (default=True)

Whether to export the data to json files

json_prefix: str (default=’’)

Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

save_path: str (default=’./’)

The path to save json files to

load_path: str (default=None)

The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

progress: boolean (default=True)

Whether to report progress

embed_states: dict (default={})

A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

as_png: boolean (default=None)

To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Arguments

selector: type or callable or None

The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns

viewables: list(Viewable)

servable(title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: str | None = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Arguments

titlestr

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

area: str (deprecated)

The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

target: str

Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Returns

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Document | None = None, title: str | None = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Arguments

docbokeh.Document (optional)

The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

titlestr

A string title to give the Document

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

docbokeh.Document

The bokeh document the panel was attached to

show(title: str | None = None, port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | None = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → StoppableThread' | 'Server

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Arguments

titlestr | None

A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

threaded: boolean (optional, default=False)

Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

openboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns

server: bokeh.server.Server or panel.io.server.StoppableThread

Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

panel.__init__.bind(function, *args, watch=False, **kwargs)

Given a function, returns a wrapper function that binds the values of some or all arguments to Parameter values and expresses Param dependencies on those values, so that the function can be invoked whenever the underlying values change and the output will reflect those updated values.

As for functools.partial, arguments can also be bound to constants, which allows all of the arguments to be bound, leaving a simple callable object.

Arguments

function: callable

The function to bind constant or dynamic args and kwargs to.

args: object, param.Parameter

Positional arguments to bind to the function.

watch: boolean

Whether to evaluate the function automatically whenever one of the bound parameters changes.

kwargs: object, param.Parameter

Keyword arguments to bind to the function.

Returns

Returns a new function with the args and kwargs bound to it and annotated with all dependencies.

panel.__init__.cache(func: Callable[_P, _R] | None = None, hash_funcs: dict[type[Any], Callable[[Any], bytes]] | None = None, max_items: int | None = None, policy: Literal['FIFO', 'LRU', 'LFU'] = 'LRU', ttl: float | None = None, to_disk: bool = False, cache_path: str | os.PathLike = './cache', per_session: bool = False) → _CachedFunc[Callable[_P, _R]] | Callable[[Callable[_P, _R]], _CachedFunc[Callable[_P, _R]]]

Memoizes functions for a user session. Can be used as function annotation or just directly.

For global caching across user sessions use pn.state.as_cached.

Arguments

func: callable

The function to cache.

hash_funcs: dict or None

A dictionary mapping from a type to a function which returns a hash for an object of that type. If provided this will override the default hashing function provided by Panel.

max_items: int or None

The maximum items to keep in the cache. Default is None, which does not limit number of items stored in the cache.

policy: str

A caching policy when max_items is set, must be one of:

• FIFO: First in - First out

• LRU: Least recently used

• LFU: Least frequently used

ttl: float or None

The number of seconds to keep an item in the cache, or None if the cache should not expire. The default is None.

to_disk: bool

Whether to cache to disk using diskcache.

cache_path: str

Directory to cache to on disk.

per_session: bool

Whether to cache data only for the current session.

panel.__init__.depends(func, *dependencies, watch=False, on_init=False, **kw)

Annotates a function or Parameterized method to express its dependencies.

The specified dependencies can be either be Parameter instances or if a method is supplied they can be defined as strings referring to Parameters of the class, or Parameters of subobjects (Parameterized objects that are values of this object’s parameters). Dependencies can either be on Parameter values, or on other metadata about the Parameter.

Parameters

watchbool, optional

Whether to invoke the function/method when the dependency is updated, by default False

on_initbool, optional

Whether to invoke the function/method when the instance is created, by default False

panel.__init__.extension

alias of panel_extension

panel.__init__.ipywidget(obj: Any, doc=None, **kwargs: Any)

Returns an ipywidget model which renders the Panel object.

Requires jupyter_bokeh to be installed.

Arguments

obj: object

Any Panel object or object which can be rendered with Panel

doc: bokeh.Document

Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

**kwargs: dict

Keyword arguments passed to the pn.panel utility function

Returns

Returns an ipywidget model which renders the Panel object.

panel.__init__.panel(obj: Any, **kwargs) → Viewable

Creates a displayable Panel object given any valid Python object.

The appropriate Pane to render a specific object is determined by iterating over all defined Pane types and querying it’s .applies method for a priority value.

Any keyword arguments are passed down to the applicable Pane.

Setting loading_indicator=True will display a loading indicator while the function is being evaluated.

To lazily render components when the application loads, you may also provide a Python function, with or without bound parameter dependencies and set defer_load=True.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/explanation/components/components_overview.html#panes

>>> pn.panel(some_python_object, width=500)

Arguments

obj: object

Any object to be turned into a Panel

**kwargs: dict

Any keyword arguments to be passed to the applicable Pane

Returns

layout: Viewable

A Viewable representation of the input object

class panel.__init__.rx(obj=None, **kwargs)

Bases: object

rx allows wrapping objects and then operating on them interactively while recording any operations applied to them. By recording all arguments or operands in the operations the recorded pipeline can be replayed if an operand represents a dynamic value.

Parameters

obj: any

A supported data structure object

Examples

Instantiate it from an object:

>>> ifloat = rx(3.14)
>>> ifloat * 2
6.28

Then update the original value and see the new result: >>> ifloat.value = 1 2

classmethod register_accessor(name: str, accessor: Callable[[rx], Any], predicate: Callable[[Any], bool] | None = None)

Registers an accessor that extends rx with custom behavior.

Arguments

name: str

The name of the accessor will be attribute-accessible under.

accessor: Callable[[rx], any]

A callable that will return the accessor namespace object given the rx object it is registered on.

predicate: Callable[[Any], bool] | None

classmethod register_display_handler(obj_type, handler, **kwargs)

Registers a display handler for a specific type of object, making it possible to define custom display options for specific objects.

Arguments

obj_type: type | callable

The type to register a custom display handler on.

handler: Viewable | callable

A Viewable or callable that is given the object to be displayed and the custom keyword arguments.

kwargs: dict[str, Any]

Additional display options to register for this type.

classmethod register_method_handler(method, handler)

Registers a handler that is called when a specific method on an object is called.

panel.__init__.serve(panels: TViewableFuncOrPath | Mapping[str, TViewableFuncOrPath], port: int = 0, address: str | None = None, websocket_origin: str | list[str] | None = None, loop: IOLoop | None = None, show: bool = True, start: bool = True, title: str | None = None, verbose: bool = True, location: bool = True, threaded: bool = False, admin: bool = False, **kwargs) → StoppableThread | Server

Allows serving one or more panel objects on a single server. The panels argument should be either a Panel object or a function returning a Panel object or a dictionary of these two. If a dictionary is supplied the keys represent the slugs at which each app is served, e.g. serve({‘app’: panel1, ‘app2’: panel2}) will serve apps at /app and /app2 on the server.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/user_guide/Server_Configuration.html#serving-multiple-apps

Arguments

panels: Viewable, function or {str: Viewable or function}

A Panel object, a function returning a Panel object or a dictionary mapping from the URL slug to either.

port: int (optional, default=0)

Allows specifying a specific port

addressstr

The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

websocket_origin: str or list(str) (optional)

A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket.

This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site.

If None, “localhost” is used.

looptornado.ioloop.IOLoop (optional, default=IOLoop.current())

The tornado IOLoop to run the Server on

showboolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to open the server in a new browser tab on start

startboolean(optional, default=True)

Whether to start the Server

title: str or {str: str} (optional, default=None)

An HTML title for the application or a dictionary mapping from the URL slug to a customized title

verbose: boolean (optional, default=True)

Whether to print the address and port

locationboolean or panel.io.location.Location

Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

threaded: boolean (default=False)

Whether to start the server on a new Thread

admin: boolean (default=False)

Whether to enable the admin panel

kwargs: dict

Additional keyword arguments to pass to Server instance

class panel.__init__.widget(*, name)

Bases: ParameterizedFunction

Attempts to find a widget appropriate for a given value.

Arguments

name: str

The name of the resulting widget.

value: Any

The value to deduce a widget from.

default: Any

The default value for the resulting widget.

**params: Any

Additional keyword arguments to pass to the widget.

Returns

Widget

classmethod instance(**params)

Return an instance of this class, copying parameters from any existing instance provided.

static widget_from_iterable(o, name)

Make widgets from an iterable. This should not be done for a string or tuple.

static widget_from_single_value(o, name)

Make widgets from single values, which can be used as parameter defaults.

static widget_from_tuple(o, name, default)

Make widgets from a tuple abbreviation.